M249, Drill and Ceremonies

The M249 is carried at Sling Arms in the same manner as the M16. All individual drill movements (as applicable) are executed while at Sling Arms. When At Ease or Rest is
commanded (from Parade Rest), the Soldier unslings the weapon and places the butt of the weapon on the marching surface beside his right foot. The only manual of arms movements that may be executed are Present Arms (Present Arms at Sling Arms), Unsling Arms, Inspection Arms, and Ready Port Arms. (Inspection Arms and Ready Port Arms may only be executed from the Order Arms position.) During all other manual of arms movements, the Soldier remains at Sling Arms.

a. Inspection Arms with the M249. The command for this movement is Inspection, ARMS.

b. On the command of execution ARMS, execute Port Arms from Order Arms in two counts. On count three, grasp the pistol grip with the right hand and reach under the weapon
with the left hand and grasp the cocking handle (the back of the hand faces toward the muzzle). On count four, sharply push the cocking handle rearward so that the bolt is locked
to the rear. On count five, sharply return the cocking handle to its original position. On count six, bring the left hand between the body and weapon, unlock the feed tray cover (with the thumb and forefinger), and raise the feed tray cover. On count seven, grasp the feed tray with the left hand, open the feed tray and feed tray cover as far as possible, and observe the chamber. On count eight, regrasp the handguard with the left hand and the comb of the stock with the right hand, and come to Inspection Arms (Figure E-2).

c. Ready, Port ARMS is the only command that is given from Inspection Arms. On the command Ready, grasp the pistol grip with the right hand and the feed tray cover with the
left hand and close the feed tray cover. On the command Port, grasp the cocking handle with the left hand and sharply push the cocking handle to its most rearward position. On the command ARMS, pull the trigger with the right forefinger and ride the bolt forward with the left hand, then return to the Port Arms position (Figure E-2).

Figure E-2

9 5. MOUNTAINEERING EQUIPMENT-Ranger Handbook

Mountaineering equipment refers to all the parts and pieces that allow the trained Ranger to accomplish many tasks in the mountains. The importance of this gear to the Mountaineer is no less than that of the rifle to the  
infantryman.

a. Ropes and Cords. Ropes and cords are the most important pieces of mountaineering equipment. They secure climbers and equipment on steep ascents and descents. They are also used to install rope and hauling equipment. From WWII until the 1980’s, the US military mostly used 7/16-inch nylon laid rope, often referred to as green line for all mountaineering
operations. Since the introduction of kernmantle ropes, ropes designed for more specific purposes are replacing the old all–purpose green line.

Kernmantle ropes are constructed similar to parachute cord. It consists of a smooth sheath, surrounding a braided or woven core. Laid ropes are still in use today however, should never be used in situations where rope failure could result in injury or loss of equipment. There are two classifications of
kernmantle ropes; static and dynamic.

(1) Dynamic Ropes. Ropes used for climbing are classified as dynamic ropes. These rope stretch or elongate 8 to 12 percent once subjected to weight or impact. This stretching is critical in reducing the impact force on the climber, anchors, and/or belayer during a fall by softening the catch. 11mm X 150m is generally considered the standard for military use however more specialized ropes in different length and diameters
are available.

(2) Static Ropes. Static ropes are used in situations where rope stretch is undesired, and when the rope is subjected to heavy static weight. Static ropes should never be used while climbing, since even a fall of a few feet could generate enough impact force to injure climber and belayer, and/or
cause anchor failure. Static ropes are usually used when constructing rope bridges, fixed rope installations, vertical haul lines, and so on.

(3) Sling Ropes and Cordelettes. A short section of static rope or static cord is called a “sling rope” or “cordelette.” These are critical pieces of 165 personal equipment in mountaineering operations. Diameter usually ranges from 7mm to 8mm, and up to 21 feet long. 8mm X 15 feet is the
minimum Ranger standard.

(4) Care of Rope. Rope that is used daily should be used no longer than one year. Occasionally used rope can be used generally up to five years if properly cared for.
• Inspect ropes thoroughly before, during and after use for cuts, frays, abrasions, mildew, and soft or worn spots.
• Never step on a rope or drag it on the ground unnecessarily.
• Avoid running rope over sharp or rough edges (pad if necessary).
• Keep ropes away from oil, acids and other corrosive substances.
• Avoid running ropes across one another under tension (nylon to nylon contact will damage ropes).
• Do not leave ropes knotted or under tension longer than necessary.
• Clean in cool water, loosely coil and hang to dry out of direct sunlight. Ultraviolet light rays harm synthetic fibers. When wet, hang rope to drip dry on a rounded wooden peg, at room temperature (do not apply heat).

(5) Webbing and Slings. Loops of tubular webbing or cord, called slings or runners, are the simplest pieces of equipment and some of the most useful. The uses for these simple pieces are endless, and they are a critical link between the climber, the rope, carabiners, and anchors.

Runners are predominately made from either 9/16 inch or 1 inch tubular webbing and are either tied or sewn by a manufacturer.

The Power Jump Sergeant!

CONDITIONING DRILL 1

EXERCISE 1: POWER JUMP
Purpose: This exercise reinforces correct jumping and landing, stimulates balance and coordination, and
develops explosive strength (Figure 9-2).
Starting Position: Straddle stance with hands on hips.
Cadence: MODERATE

Count:
1. Squat with the heels flat as the spine rounds forward to allow the straight arms to reach to the
ground, attempting to touch with the palms of the hands.
2. Jump forcefully in the air, vigorously raising arms overhead, with palms facing inward.
3. Control the landing and repeat count 1.
4. Return to the starting position.
Figure 9-2. Power jump
Check Points:

At the starting position, tighten the abdominals to stabilize the trunk.

On counts 1 and 3, keep the back generally straight with the head up and the eyes forward.

On count 2, the arms should be extended fully overhead. The trunk and legs should also be in line.

On each landing, the feet are directed forward and maintained at shoulder distance apart. The landing should be “soft” and proceed from the balls of the feet to the heels. The vertical line from the shoulders through the knees to the balls of the feet should be demonstrated on each landing.

Precaution: N/A

Find more exercises here:

Basic Marching - Getting Started

4-6. THE 30-INCH STEP To march with a 30-inch step from the Halt, the command is Forward, MARCH. 

a. On the preparatory command Forward, shift the weight of the body to the right foot without noticeable movement. On the command of execution MARCH, step forward 30 inches with the left foot and continue marching with 30-inch steps, keeping the head and eyes fixed to the front. The arms swing in a natural motion, without exaggeration and without bending at the elbows, approximately 9 inches straight to the front and 6 inches straight to the rear of the trouser seams. Keep the fingers curled as in the Position of Attention so that the fingers just clear the trousers.  

b. To Halt while marching, the command Squad (Platoon), HALT is given. The preparatory command Squad (Platoon) is given as either foot strikes the marching surface as long as the command of execution HALT is given the next time that same foot strikes the marching surface. The Halt is executed in two counts. After HALT is commanded, execute the additional step required after the command of execution and then bring the trail foot alongside the lead foot, assuming the Position of Attention and terminating the movement.  

4-4. HAND SALUTE

The Hand Salute is a one-count movement. The command is Present, ARMS. The Hand Salute may be executed while marching. When marching, only the Soldier in charge of the 
formation salutes and acknowledges salutes. When double-timing, an individual Soldier must come to Quick Time before saluting. 

a. When wearing headgear with a visor (with or without glasses), on the command of execution ARMS, raise the right hand sharply, fingers and thumb extended and joined, palm 
facing down, and place the tip of the right forefinger on the rim of the visor slightly to the right of the right eye. The outer edge of the hand is barely canted downward so that neither 
the back of the hand nor the palm is clearly visible from the front. The hand and wrist are straight, the elbow inclined slightly forward, and the upper arm horizontal. 

b. When wearing headgear without a visor (or uncovered) and not wearing glasses, execute the Hand Salute in the same manner as previously described, except touch the tip of 
the right forefinger to the forehead near and slightly to the right of the right eyebrow.

c. When wearing headgear without a visor (or uncovered) and wearing glasses, execute the Hand Salute in the same manner as previously described, except touch the tip of the right forefinger to that point on the glasses where the temple piece of the frame meets the right edge of the right brow. 

d. Order Arms from the Hand Salute is a one-count movement. The command is Order, ARMS. On the command of execution ARMS, return the hand sharply to the side, resuming the Position of Attention. 

e. When reporting or rendering courtesy to an individual, turn the head and eyes toward the person addressed and simultaneously salute. In this situation, the actions are executed without command. The Salute is initiated by the subordinate at the appropriate time (six paces) and terminated upon acknowledgment. 

Army Leaders and Mud Runs

I see more and  more soldiers and members of other services working as a team to conquer obstacles on mission. In fact, I served in the army and have always loved the "accomplish" the mission attitude. I'm seeing more and more of you on the mud run courses battling obstacle after obstacle and representing well. Army Strong is alive and well.

Here are some exercises to add to your daily dozen. Get your teams, squads or buddies together and ready to rattle some cages at your next race. Join our blog or Facebook pages for your daily dose of preparation.

Here's just a sample:
Ok, I decided enough was enough and started back to training in earnest. Since I did the Spartan Sprint Atlanta in 1:06, I decided to see how long the run portion might be. I did a 4.5 mile for personal record and made it in 33 minutes. Now I have a strategy on where to improve my time. I have to figure out how to break down training that shows 33 minutes for the run and 33 minutes for the obstacles. I know there are variables, but it's a start.

Obstacle 1-5 pull ups with leg lifts
Obstacle 2-5 chin ups with leg lifts
Obstacle 3-5 alternate grip pull ups with leg lifts

Run 4.5 miles
Obstacle 4-run up steep embankment
Obstacle 5-jump over obstacle
Obstacle 6-jump over obstacle

Obstacle 7-10 burpees
Obstacle 8-5 lunges on each leg
Obstacle 9-10 burpees
Obstacle 10-5 side lunges on each leg
Obstacle 11-10 burpees
Obstacle 12-30 air squats
Obstacle 13-5 pull ups with leg lifts
Obstacle 14-5 chin ups with leg lifts
Obstacle 15-5 alternate grip pull ups with leg lifts

Stretch

How to March, Army Style

This basic marching information pertains to all marching movements.

a.   All marching movements executed from the Halt are initiated from the Position of Attention.

b.   Except for Route Step March  and At Ease March,  all marching movements are executed while marching at Attention. Marching at Attention is the combination of the Position of Attention and the procedures for the prescribed step executed simultaneously.

c.   When executed from the Halt, all steps except Right Step begin with the left foot.(See Chapter 3, paragraph 3-1a and paragraph 4-15a.)

d.   For short-distance marching movements, the commander may designate the numberof steps forward, backward, or sideward by giving the appropriate command: One step to the right (left), MARCH; or, Two steps backward (forward), MARCH. On the command of execution  MARCH,  step  
off  with  the  appropriate  foot,  and  halt  automatically  after completing the number of steps designated. Unless otherwise specified, when directed to execute steps forward, the steps will be 30-inch steps.

e.   All marching movements are executed in the cadence of Quick Time (120 steps per minute), except the 30-inch step, which may be executed in the cadence of 180 steps per minute on the command Double Time, MARCH.

f.   A step is the prescribed distance from one heel to the other heel of a marching Soldier.

g.   All 15-inch steps are executed for a short distance only.

Building Team Skills and Processes From FM 6-22

The cohesion that matters on the battlefield is that which is developed at the company,

platoon, and squad levels….

General Edward C. Meyer

Chief of Staff, Army (1979-1983)

The national cause, the purpose of the mission, and many other concerns may not be visible from the Soldier’s perspective on the battlefield. Regardless of larger issues, Soldiers perform for the other people in the squad or section, for others on the team or crew, for the person on their right or left. It is a fundamental truth, born from the Warrior Ethos. Soldiers get the job done because they do not want to let their friends down. Similarly, Army civilians feel part of the installation and organizational team and want to be winners.

Developing close teams takes hard work, patience, and interpersonal skill on the part of the leader. It is a worthwhile investment because good teams complete missions on time with given resources and a minimum of wasted effort. In combat, cohesive teams are the most effective and take the fewest casualties.

Characteristics of Teams and Team Building-FM 6-22

The hallmarks of close teams include—

• Trusting each other and being able to predict what each other will do.
• Working together to accomplish the mission.
• Executing tasks thoroughly and quickly.
• Meeting and exceeding the standard.
• Thriving on demanding challenges.
• Learning from their experiences and developing pride in their accomplishments.

The Army as a team includes many members who are not Soldiers. The contributions made by countless Army civilians, contractors, and multinational personnel in critical support missions during Operation Desert Storm, the Balkans, and the War on Terrorism are often forgotten. In today’s logistic heavy operational environments, many military objectives could not be achieved without the dedicated support of the Army’s hard-working civilian team members.

Within a larger team, smaller teams may be at different stages of development. For instance, members of First Squad may be accustomed to working together. They trust one another and accomplish the mission, usually exceeding the standard without wasted effort. Second Squad in the same platoon just received three new Soldiers and a team leader from another company. As a team, Second Squad is less
mature and it will take them some time to get up to the level of First Squad. Second Squad’s new team members have to learn how things work. First, they have to feel like members of the team. Subsequently, they must learn the standards and the climate of their new unit and demonstrate competence before other members really accept them. Finally, they must practice working together. Leaders can best oversee the
integration process if they know what to expect.

Competent leaders are sensitive to the characteristics of the team and its individual members. Teams develop differently and the boundaries between stages are not hard and fast. The results can help determine what to expect of the team and what is needed to improve its capabilities.

Drill and Ceremonies

3-8. INFLECTION
Inflection is the rise and fall in pitch and the tone changes of the voice.

a. The preparatory command is the command that indicates movement. Pronounce each preparatory command with a rising inflection. The most desirable pitch, when beginning a
preparatory command, is near the level of the natural speaking voice. A common fault with beginners is to start the preparatory command in a pitch so high that, after employing a rising inflection for the preparatory command, it is impossible to give the command of execution with clarity or without strain. A good rule to remember is to begin a command near the natural pitch of the voice.

b. The command of execution is the command that indicates when a movement is to be executed. Give it in a sharper tone and in a slightly higher pitch than the last syllable of the preparatory command. It must be given with plenty of snap. The best way to develop a command voice is to practice.

c. In combined commands, such as FALL IN and FALL OUT, the preparatory command and command of execution are combined. Give these commands without inflection and with the uniform high pitch and loudness of a normal command of
execution.